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Ireland
Ireland is an island in north-western Europe which
has been divided politically since 1920. The Republic of Ireland
(Irish: ?ire or Poblacht na h?ireann) [1] is a nation state
of Western Europe. It constitutes the main portion of (the island
of) Ireland, and is bounded to the northeast by Northern Ireland
(Irish: Tuaisceart ?ireann) which is part of the United Kingdom.
For the rest of this article, scroll down or click
on the contents box on the left.
Understand
The island of Ireland historically consists of 32 counties,
of which six, collectively known as Northern Ireland, have remained
as part of the United Kingdom since the rest of Ireland gained
independence in 1922. The name "Ireland" applies to
the island as a whole, but is also the official name in English
of the independent state (i.e. the 26 counties which are not
part of the United Kingdom), since 1937. The name Republic of
Ireland is commonly used to distinguish the Republic from the
North.
Celtic tribes settled on the island in the 4th
century B.C. Invasions by Norsemen that began in the late 8th
century were finally ended when King Brian Boru defeated the
Danes in 1014. English invasions began in the 12th century and
set off more than seven centuries of Anglo-Irish struggle marked
by fierce rebellions and harsh repressions. A failed rebellion
on Easter Monday in 1916 touched off several years of intense
guerrilla warfare that in 1922 resulted in independence from
the UK for the 26 southern counties; six northern counties,
two-thirds of the ancient province of Ulster, remained part
of the United Kingdom — a status that has continued to
the present day. In 1949 the Republic of Ireland withdrew from
the British Commonwealth; it joined the European Community in
1973 (at the same time as the United Kingdom). Irish governments
have sought the peaceful unification of Ireland and have co-operated
with Britain against extra-state armed groups. A peace settlement
for Northern Ireland, known as the Good Friday Agreement and
approved in 1998, is currently being implemented.
Cities
- Cork (Corcaigh) - second largest
city in the Republic of Ireland - located on the banks of
the River Lee. Founded c.600 by St. Finbarre and known for
good food, pubs, shopping and festivals.
- Dublin (Baile ?tha Cliath) - the
capital and the country's largest city. With excellent pubs,
fine architecture and good shopping, Dublin is a very popular
tourist destination and is the fourth most visited European
capital.
- Galway (Gaillimh) - a city on the
river Corrib on the west coast of Ireland. Famous for its
festivals and its location on Galway Bay. Known as the City
of Tribes, Galway's summer is filled with festivals of music,
food, gaelic language and culture. Galway hosts over fifty
festivals a year, including the Galway Oyster Festival. The
locals seem to give off a positive bohemian vibe. Galway is
split between two types of beautiful landscape: the gorgeous
mountains to the west, and the east's farming valleys. Sport
in Galway consists of Gaelic Football, Camogie (women's hurling)
and hurling (often called the fastest sport on earth). Tourist
accommodation comes in the form of B&B, hotels and a few
hostels. There is fishing, hiking, golfing and cultural activities.
Tourism in Galway has increased greatly over the past seven
years and it is now a big source of income for the city. Its
destination brand is "Wake up to the West" Campaign.
- Kilkenny (Cill Chainnigh) - attractive
medieval town, known as the Marble City - home to the Cat
Laughs Comedy Festival, held annually in early June.
Letterkenny - Main town in County Donegal, designated gateway
status and reputed to be the fastest growing town in Europe.
Good base for traveling in Donegal.
- Limerick (Luimneach) - a city on
the river Shannon in the south-west of the country. Centre
of Irish rugby.
- Sligo (Town and County)- Home to
W.B. Yeats, internationally renowned poet. Mountains and beaches,
scenery in general are the best points of Sligo.
Waterford (Port L?irge) - Ireland's oldest city. In the south-east
and close to the ferryport at Rosslare. Waterford is a popular
visit for those who want to learn more about the most ancient
history of Ireland.
Wexford - Town and county in the "Sunny South-East"
Other destinations
The Aran Islands (Na hOile?in ?rann), Co. Galway - located in
Galway Bay
The Burren and the Cliffs of Moher, both located in County Clare
Br? Na B?inne some of the finest neolithic monuments in the world,
situated in Co. Meath
Connemara (Conamara), in Western County Galway
West Cork - Mountains, coves, islands and beaches at the very
south of the country
Kinsale in County Cork - Gastronomic excellence in Ireland's oldest
town
The Ring of Kerry and Skellig Michael in County Kerry
Glendalough fine ruins and hiking trails in Co Wicklow
Carlow has rapidly become one of Ireland's fastest growing counties
The Dingle Penninsula (Corca Dhuibhne), Co. Kerry - a Gaeltecht
region (Irish-speaking district) in the very SW corner of the
country.
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